MAGNESIUM SULFATE AMPOULES 25% 10ML

Release form

Injection solution

Packaging

10 ampoules

10 pieces

Pharmacology

Magnesium sulfate has a laxative effect.

When ingested, it has a choleretic (reflex effect on the receptors of the duodenal mucosa) and a laxative effect (due to poor absorbability of the drug in the intestine, high osmotic pressure is created in it, water accumulates in the intestine, intestinal contents are diluted, peristalsis is enhanced). It is an antidote for poisoning with salts of heavy metals. The onset of the effect is in 0.5-3 hours, the duration is 4-6 hours.

When administered parenterally, it has a hypotensive, sedative and anticonvulsant effect, as well as diuretic, arteriodilating, antiarrhythmic, vasodilating (on arteries) effect, in high doses - curare-like (inhibitory effect on the neuromuscular transmission), tocolytic, hypnotic, narcotic effect, toxoid, hypnotic, narcotic effect, toxins, hypnotic, narcotic effect, toxins, hypnotic, narcotic effects, toxins, hypnotics, narcotic effects, toxins, hypnotics, narcotic effects, toxins, hypnotics Centre. Magnesium is a physiological blocker of slow Calcium channels and is able to displace it from its binding sites. It regulates metabolic processes, interneuronal transmission and muscle excitability, prevents calcium from entering through the presynaptic membrane, reduces the amount of acetylcholine in the peripheral nervous system and the central nervous system.Relaxes smooth muscles, lowers blood pressure (mostly elevated), increases diuresis.

The mechanism of anticonvulsant action is associated with a decrease in the release of acetylcholine from neuromuscular synapses, while magnesium inhibits neuromuscular transmission, has a direct inhibitory effect on the central nervous system.

The antiarrhythmic effect of magnesium is due to a decrease in the excitability of cardiomyocytes, the restoration of ionic equilibrium, the stabilization of cell membranes, the disruption of sodium current, slow incoming calcium current and one-sided potassium current. The cardioprotective effect is due to the expansion of the coronary arteries, decreased OPSS and platelet aggregation.

The tocolytic action develops as a result of the inhibition of the contractility of the myometrium (decreased absorption, binding and distribution of calcium in smooth muscle cells) under the influence of the magnesium ion, and an increase in blood flow in the uterus as a result of the expansion of its vessels. Magnesium is an antidote for heavy metal poisoning.

Systemic effects develop almost instantly after IV and 1 hour after i / m administration. Duration of action with a / in the introduction - 30 minutes, with the / m - 3-4 hours

Pharmacokinetics

After ingestion is absorbed no more than 20% of the dose.

Css, at which the anticonvulsant action develops, is - 2-3.5 mmol / l.

It penetrates the BBB and the placental barrier, is excreted in breast milk with a concentration 2 times higher than the concentration in plasma.Excreted by the kidneys, the rate of renal excretion is proportional to the concentration in plasma and the level of glomerular filtration.

Indications

Magnesium sulfate is used as a laxative agent (sporadically); preparation for studies of the colon.

Contraindications

Individual intolerance to Magnesium sulfate; hyper magnesia.

Pregnanacy and breastfeeding

In pregnancy, magnesium sulfate is used with caution, only in cases where the expected therapeutic effect outweighs the potential risk to the fetus.

If necessary, use during lactation breastfeeding should be discontinued.

Special notes

To take orally or parenterally with caution when heart blockade, myocardial damage, chronic renal failure, respiratory diseases, acute inflammatory diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, pregnancy.

Magnesium sulfate can be used for the relief of status epilepticus (as part of complex treatment).

Overdose causes depression of the central nervous system. Calcium — calcium chloride or Calcium gluconate — is used as an antidote to an overdose of magnesium sulfate.

Active ingredient

1 ml of the preparation contains:

Active substance: magnesium sulfate - 250 mg.

Dosage and administration

Intravenously.
Doses specify, taking into account the therapeutic effect and the concentration of magnesium ions in the serum.
Pre-eclampsia and eclampsia. Dose set individually depending on the clinical situation. The dose of saturation - 2-4 g in 5-20 minutes (infusion).Maintenance dose is 1-2 g and an hour.
Tetany of the uterus. The dose of saturation - 4 g after 20 minutes (infusion). Maintenance dose - first - 1-2 g per hour, later - 1 g per hour (you can enter drip 24-72 hours).
Hypomagnesaemia.
In newborns. Daily dose - 0.2-0.8 mg / kg IV slowly.
In adults. Easy Magnesium sulfate solution is used parenterally, if oral administration of magnesium preparations is impossible or impractical (due to nausea, vomiting, impaired gastric resorption, etc.).
Heavy The initial dose is 5 g. The dose is poured into 1 liter of the infusion solution and slowly injected IV. Dosed depending on the concentration of the drug in the serum.
Prevention of hypomagnesemia in patients receiving only parenteral nutrition. If there is no magnesium in the nutrient solution, it is added optionally. The daily dose is 1.5-4 g. Usually, 1 g of magnesium sulfate is added to 1 l of parenteral nutrition solution.
The maximum daily intake of magnesium sulfate for adults is 40 g.
In case of hypertensive crises, 5-20 ml of a 25% solution of magnesium sulfate is injected into / in (slowly !!)
For arresting arrhythmias, injected 1-2 g over a period of about 5 minutes, repeated administration is possible.
Doses of magnesium sulfate are in grams.
They correspond to the amount of 25% solution:
Magnesium sulfate solution in ampoules is diluted with injection solutions: 0.9% sodium chloride or 5% dextrose (glucose).

Adverse effects

Early signs and symptoms of hypermagnesemia: bradycardia, diplopia, a sudden "flush" of blood to the skin of the face, headache, decrease in blood pressure, nausea, shortness of breath, speech blurring, vomiting, asthenia.
Signs of hypermagnesemia, ranked in order of increasing serum Mg2 + concentration: decrease in deep tendon reflexes (2-3.5 mmol / l), prolongation of the PQ interval and expansion of the QRS complex on an ECG (2.5-5 mmol / l), loss of deep tendon reflexes (4 -5 mmol / l), depression of the respiratory center (5-6.5 mmol / l), impaired cardiac conduction (7.5 mmol / l), cardiac arrest (12.5 mmol / l).
In addition, hyperhidrosis, anxiety, deep sedation, polyuria, uterine atony.

Drug interactions

Reduces the effect of oral anticoagulants (including coumarin derivatives or derivatives of indandiol), cardiac glycosides, phenothiazines, (especially chlorpromazine).

Reduces the absorption of Ciprofloxacin, etidronic acid, antibiotics of the Tetracycline group, weakens the effect of streptomycin and tobramycin (laxative preparations containing magnesium should be taken 1-2 hours after the use of the above medicines).

Pharmaceutically incompatible (precipitate is formed) with calcium preparations, ethanol (in high concentrations), carbonates, alkali metal bicarbonates and phosphates, salts of arsenic acid, barium, strontium, Clindamycin, Hydrocortisone, polymyxin B, procaine, salicylates and tartrates.

Overdosage

Symptoms: possible respiratory depression, depression of the functions of the central nervous system, up to the development of anesthesia.

Treatment: Calcium — calcium chloride or calcium gluconate — is used as an antidote to an overdose of magnesium sulfate.

Storage conditions

Store at a temperature not higher than 25 ° С.